Understanding Media sectors 7.1

There are many different media sectors.

TV

Television is one of the biggest sectors with in the Media Industry with a lot of competition that employs over 50,000 British people. TV broadcasts many different types of TV programmes and films which i will get more into later on. In the UK TV is dominated by a few main broadcasters or channels, however that does not take anything from away from the smaller broadcasters. these main broadcasters consist of:

The BBC - a Public company which is funded by TV licence.

ITV - this a privately owned company, 60% is owned by ITV PLC, it is also owned by STV group PLC located in scotland and UTV located in Northern Ireland

Channel 4 - a private company funded by adverts

Channel 5 another private company - owned by Nothern & shell.

Radio

Radio is one of the oldest forms of mass media as radios have been a common household accesory long before TV sets were invented. Radios transmits sound-based media to the likes of cars, TVs and just ordinary radios. There are three sections of radio

Public funded radio - funded by taxes

Commercial Radio - funded by commercials

Community and voluntary Radio - varies

Film:

The film industry is one of the largest and most profitable sectors in the media industry. In the UK alone it employs 27,800 people. 62% are employed in exhibition, 34% in production and the remaining 4% in distribution.

There are six different components to the film industry; Development, production, facilities, distribution, exhibition, and export.

The film industry is dominated by many major companies: paramount, universal, 21st century fox, disney, and many more. These multimillion pound companies tend to produce the big blockbuster films, as they have bigger budgets to produce and market the films.

There are however, a few smaller film companies, such as Pinewood studios, a small British film company. films produced by smaller studios tend to be small, cult-film. However, these films can sometimes become successful, popular films.

Television & Film. 

The television sector and the film sector are connected by the fact that TV channels often play films. There are also many TV channels that are dedicated purely to showing films, such as Sky Movies.

Films are also mainly advertised on TV, both the cinema and DVD releases.

When it comes to ownership, there are various forms that depend on such things as licensing, government influence, intake of money and the care of managerial roles.

The first is an Independent ownership. This form of ownership is usually associated with smaller companies that work outside bigger corporations. These companies have a lot more say in how the company is run and control over their own work compared to other companies with different forms of ownership.

Secondly, there is Private ownership. A private ownership is where a company is privately owned by a single person or several individuals. The owners have a the ability to run the company how they want making decisions on marketing, products, and how the company’s hierarchy works. It also means that there is little to no government influence. Indie company’s are the most common businesses that use this form of ownership because of the low employee numbers working on projects.

Thirdly there is a Conglomerate. A conglomerate is a corporation made up of various different businesses. The company’s will operate separately, the conglomerate hold the majority of stakes with regards to money.

Fourth is a Multinational ownership. A multinational corporation is a company that operates in various parts of the globe. They are usually comprised of a very large and wealthy company that has the money and resources to expand internationally

DNAFILMS

DNA Films is a British film production company founded by Andrew Macdonald and Duncan Kenworthy. DNA Films Merged with Search Fox Light in xxxxxx, this means now that they are a single enterprise. Its a share holders company, it is an Vertical Integration company because it has the means of production, DNA produces and Fox Searchlights distributes them and does their marketing. It’s Multinational as large corporation with operations and subsidiaries in several different countries.

When it comes to ownership, there are various forms that depend on such things as licensing, government influence, intake of money and the care of managerial roles.

The first is an Independent ownership. This form of ownership is usually associated with smaller companies that work outside bigger corporations. These companies have a lot more say in how the company is run and control over their own work compared to other companies with different forms of ownership.

Secondly, there is Private ownership. A private ownership is where a company is privately owned by a single person or several individuals. The owners have a the ability to run the company how they want making decisions on marketing, products, and how the company’s hierarchy works. It also means that there is little to no government influence. Indie company’s are the most common businesses that use this form of ownership because of the low employee numbers working on projects.

Thirdly there is a Conglomerate. A conglomerate is a corporation made up of various different businesses. The company’s will operate separately, the conglomerate hold the majority of stakes with regards to money.

Fourth is a Multinational ownership. A multinational corporation is a company that operates in various parts of the globe. They are usually comprised of a very large and wealthy company that has the money and resources to expand internationally

Below i will give an example of an private ownership and a publicly owned organization

ITV

itv is privately owned and is funded by advertising. ITV is a major commercial public service TV network in the UK. Launched on the 22nd of september 1955 launched in 1955 under the auspices of the Independent Television Authority to provide competition to the BBC, it is also the oldest commercial network in the UK. ITV is owned by ITV plc, STV Group plc, UTV Media and channel Television. ITV have a number of businesses such as ITV 1, ITV 2,ITV 3, ITV 4, ITV and ITV studios as well as ITV Player which is an online service, that allows you to catch up on any missed ITV shows. ITV is funded by advertising and sponsorship where as another broadcasting service such as the BBC is funded by the government from the collection of licence fees. Private ownership has a lot of advantages but it also has its disadvantages, one advantage is that it runs only on advertising funds because there are a lot of companies that want their products to be advertised on TV and are willing to pay a lot of money. this is great for private ownerships because the more popular the shows the more the adverts cost. 

BBC

Public service ownership is funded by the government, which everyone with a TV pays for known as the tv licence. Companies that are government run have to take on board the publics interests. for example is the public complain then the company will make the changes. Also if a show doesn't get a lot of views it will be cancelled. BBC is vertically integrated, this means a group of companies that are linked through a ladder with a common owner. the companies can co operate to produce the materials needed for production. Also, a company can start to take over more aspects of producing and distributing of the end product that sells in order to increase that companies dominance in the marketplace.